Industry 5.0 is increasingly understood as a human-centric, resilient, and sustainable extension of digital industrial transformation, yet empirical evidence on its implementation at firm level remains limited. Existing studies have relied largely on conceptual discussion or expert-based prioritisation techniques, while the structural relationships among implementation…

We study the effects of batch normalization and spatial dropout on the performance of VGG-11, Network in Network, and GoogLeNet architectures. We incorporate these regularization techniques into each model and evaluate their impact on classification accuracy and average loss. Experimental results show that spatial dropout…

Greenwashing refers to deceptive green marketing strategies used by companies and organizations to enhance their competitive edge and generate higher profits by appealing to environmentally conscious consumers. This practice arises when the actions of these entities do not align with the claims they make regarding…

The Circular Economy (CE) has established itself as a disruptive paradigm and a vehicle for sustainability. SMEs are key players in the development of the CE. Currently, there is growing academic interest in studying the relationship between the CE and SMEs, primarily in Europe, Asia,…

This study investigates whether ESG ratings provide useful information for credit risk assessment in an emerging EU member-state context, where sustainability reporting is rapidly expanding but still institutionally developing. The motivation for the study arises from the increasing regulatory and financial relevance of ESG disclosure…

The green economy is a topic of great interest, especially in the wake of COVID-19. After the pandemic, many countries have included green transition in their economic recovery packages. This has triggered a need for scientific evidence and data as a basis for policy making,…