Abstract
As at microeconomic level the human capital is one of the most important assets of any company and the only one that can undermine its future development from within, as well the human capital regarded as stock and flow of knowledge can cause the regress or, contrary, the progress of a nation. The access of human resource to education and information technology is the most important way that can turn it into human capital, this being so, later, to become part of the foundation of the knowledge-based society. The proposed paper aims to investigate which is the Romania’s position in front of the challenges raised by the knowledge-based society and in what stage of its efforts it is in its way towards a knowledge — based society. Is it the right or the wrong way? Is it a myth or a reality? The last part of the paper brings in the prime plan several recommendations designed to draw some action directions for those responsible for decision making at macro and micro economic in this area, decisions that in the author’s opinion should be focused rather on efficiency, quality and strategy than on quantity, bureaucracy and immediate interest.